Child M
The prosecution’s theory: Air embolism.
Outcome: Survived
Gestation: Twin 2, male; 33+2 weeks, 1.703 kg, severe intrauterine growth restriction
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Prosecution theory
Air embolism.
Method alleged: Air embolism via IV line.
Prosecution experts: Dr Dewi Evans; Dr Sandie Bohin.
Panel view (Feb 2025)
Panel: the desaturation and bradycardia were caused by apnoea from sepsis or the Eustachian valve. The resuscitation was suboptimal. No evidence of air embolism.
Pathology
No fatal outcome. Panel conclusion: Baby 13's desaturation and bradycardia were caused by apnoea from sepsis or the Eustachian valve; the resuscitation was suboptimal; and there was no evidence of air embolism.
Natural-cause alternatives identified
- Apnoea from sepsis or the Eustachian valve — the Panel's stated cause
- Suboptimal resuscitation
What the jury did not hear
- The Panel's conclusion that the collapse was caused by apnoea from sepsis or the Eustachian valve, with no evidence of air embolism.
- That the Panel found the resuscitation itself was suboptimal.
Key primary sources
- International Expert Panel — Additional 10 Cases report (June 2025), Panel Baby 13: https://lucyletbyinnocence.com/shoo-lee/International%20Expert%20Panel%20New%20Summary%20Report%20of%20additional%2010%20cases.pdf
- R v Letby sentencing remarks (August 2023)
Read the full long-form analysis →
Sources:
- Court of Appeal judgment (May 2024) and sentencing remarks — judiciary.uk
- Shoo Lee International Expert Panel Report (February 2025) — lucyletbyinnocence.com
- Per-baby trial evidence archive — lucyletbyinnocence.com
This page uses only the court-assigned code and publicly reported facts. The court imposed lifelong anonymity on every family; this site does not contact families and does not speculate about private circumstances.