Child E
The prosecution’s theory: Air embolism / deliberate bleeding from NG tube.
Outcome: Died 4 August 2015
Gestation: Twin 1, male; 29+5 weeks, 1.327 kg (twin brother of Child F)
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Prosecution theory
Air embolism / deliberate bleeding from NG tube.
Method alleged: Air embolism with deliberate NG-tube bleeding.
Prosecution experts: Dr Dewi Evans; Dr Sandie Bohin.
Panel view (Feb 2025)
Panel: died from massive gastrointestinal haemorrhage due to either intrauterine hypoxia causing ulceration or a congenital vascular lesion. No evidence of air embolism.
Pathology
Panel conclusion: Baby 5 died from massive gastrointestinal haemorrhage due to either intrauterine hypoxia causing stomach or intestinal ulceration, or a congenital vascular lesion; emergency blood transfusion should have been given much earlier; there was no evidence of air embolism; and a post-mortem should have been requested. The Panel records that he was at high risk because he was preterm and had twin-twin transfusion with oligohydramnios.
Natural-cause alternatives identified
- Massive gastrointestinal haemorrhage from intrauterine-hypoxia ulceration or a congenital vascular lesion — the Panel's stated cause
- Twin-twin transfusion syndrome with oligohydramnios as a high-risk antenatal context
- Delay in giving emergency blood transfusion
What the jury did not hear
- The Panel's conclusion that death was from massive gastrointestinal haemorrhage, not inflicted injury or air embolism.
- That emergency blood transfusion should have been given much earlier.
- That no post-mortem was requested, though the Panel says one should have been.
Key primary sources
- International Expert Panel — Additional 10 Cases report (June 2025), Panel Baby 5: https://lucyletbyinnocence.com/shoo-lee/International%20Expert%20Panel%20New%20Summary%20Report%20of%20additional%2010%20cases.pdf
- R v Letby sentencing remarks (August 2023)
- Panel Additional 10 Cases Report (June 2025)
Read the full long-form analysis →
Sources:
- Court of Appeal judgment (May 2024) and sentencing remarks — judiciary.uk
- Shoo Lee International Expert Panel Report (February 2025) — lucyletbyinnocence.com
- Per-baby trial evidence archive — lucyletbyinnocence.com
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